What is Watering of the Eye (Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction)?
Watering of the eye, also known as epiphora, occurs when tears overflow onto the face due to improper drainage. This often happens because of a nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO), a blockage in the tear drainage system.
The nasolacrimal duct is responsible for draining tears from the eyes into the nasal cavity. When blocked, tears cannot flow properly, leading to excessive tearing, irritation, and sometimes infection.
Causes of Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction
NLDO can occur due to:
- Congenital blockage (common in infants)
- Age-related narrowing of tear ducts
- Infections or inflammation (dacryocystitis)
- Nasal or sinus conditions (sinusitis, nasal polyps)
- Facial trauma or injury near the tear ducts
- Tumors (rare but possible)
Symptoms of Watering Eye Due to NLDO
- Excessive tearing (epiphora)
- Recurrent eye infections
- Redness and swelling near the inner corner of the eye
- Crusting or mucus discharge
- Blurred vision (due to excessive tears)
Diagnosis of Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction
An ophthalmologist may perform:
- Tear drainage test (Jones test)
- Nasolacrimal duct irrigation to check for blockage
- Imaging tests (dacryocystography or CT scan) if needed
Treatment Options for NLDO
1. Non-Surgical Treatments
- Warm compresses & massage (for infants and mild cases)
- Antibiotic eye drops (if infection is present)
2. Surgical Treatments
- Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) – Creates a new tear drainage pathway
- Nasolacrimal duct probing (common in infants)
- Balloon catheter dilation to open the blocked duct
Prevention & Management Tips
- Maintain good eye hygiene
- Treat allergies and sinus infections promptly
- Avoid rubbing the eyes excessively
Frequently Asked Questions
Is nasolacrimal duct obstruction serious?
While not life-threatening, it can cause discomfort and recurrent infections if untreated.
Can NLDO resolve on its own?
In infants, it often improves by 12 months. Adults usually need treatment.
How long is recovery after DCR surgery?
Most patients recover within 2-4 weeks with minimal discomfort.
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